We discuss the legacy of Alan Turing and his impact on computability and analysis.

La manera de abordar las leyes sociales por la modernidad fue distinta al espíritu que presidía el trato de la filosofía griega y romana con las leyes de la ciudad y el cosmos. El nuevo espíritu que dominó Europa a partir de Descartes y constituyó la base de la modernidad, tiene como esfera de aplicación no sólo la naturaleza sino también la sociedad. En este sentido, la guerra de independencia Norteamérica, la Revolución Francesa y las guerras de independencia latinoamericanas, crearon intencionalmente cierta sociedad con determinados rasgos; pero en su esencia estas características eran políticas. Es evidente que sus efectos en otras direcciones no formaban parte de las intenciones básicas de sus dirigentes. Unos de los rasgos que distingue a Venezuela de los países avanzados del mundo es que ellos crean, dominan y utilizan la ciencia y técnica en gran escala. Lo que separa nuestro país de aquellos más avanzados no se deben a diferencias culturales, religiosas, raciales o lingüísticas. La distancia está en la posesión de un complejo sistema de ciencia y tecnología.

This article is from the micro-channel public number “academic headlines” (ID: SciTouTiao), Author: Sun, 36 krypton release authorized.Recently, the Future Today Institute released the latest version of the 2020 Technology Trends Report, which includes the prospects for the development of many cutting-edge technologies including artificial intelligence in the coming year.According to the report, the future world technology industry will be shaped by trends such as China and artificial intelligence.The 2020 Technology Trends Report was co-authored by Professor Amy Webb, Director of the Future Today Institute and New York University’s Stern School of Business, and this is the 13th year of publication.The report seeks to recognize the links between technology and future uncertainties, such as the outcome of the 2020 US presidential election and the spread of epidemics such as coronavirus.Among all cutting-edge technologies, artificial intelligence once again ranked first on the list.Weber said that artificial intelligence will trigger a third wave of computing and bring positive effects, such as the role that AlphaFold can play in discovering treatments for diseases; but also negative effects, such as its current impact on the criminal justice system.influences.

Environmentalists’ anti-nuclear crusade bears responsibility for our dependence on coal and gas power plants. Nuclear energy – which today means nuclear fission – currently supplies 14% of the world’s electricity. At present 450 nuclear power reactors are in operation world-wide, and 52 new reactors are under construction. In 2019 four reactors went on line: two in China, one in Russia and one in South Korea. A total of 15 reactors are scheduled to begin operation this year, in China, India, Japan, South Korea, Russia, Belarus, Slvoakia and the United Arab Republic.

This paper presents a new method for deriving the energy yield generated by photovoltaic solar energy systems in the Netherlands, on a daily and regional basis, in 2016 and 2017. We identify two new data sources to construct our methodology: pvoutput, an online portal with real-time solar energy yield information, and high resolution irradiance data, from the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute. Combining these sources, allows us to link irradiance and energy on a daily basis. We apply this information to our PV systems database, allowing us to derive daily and annual solar energy yields. We examine the variation in our daily and annual estimates as a result of taking different subsets of pvoutput systems with certain specifications such as orientation, tilt and inverter to PV capacity ratio.

Classical probability theory is formulated using sets. In this paper, we extend classical probability theory with propositional computability logic. Unlike other formalisms, computability logic is built on the notion of events/games, which is central to probability theory. The probability theory based on CoL is therefore useful for {it automating} uncertainty reasoning. We describe some basic properties of this new probability theory.

We propose a simple model where the innovation rate of a technological domain depends on the innovation rate of the technological domains it relies on. Using data on US patents from 1836 to 2017, we make out-of-sample predictions and find that the predictability of innovation rates can be boosted substantially when network effects are taken into account. In the case where a technology ′ s neighborhood future innovation rates are known, the average predictability gain is 28% compared to simpler time series model which do not incorporate network effects. Even when nothing is known about the future, we find positive average predictability gains of 20% .

Attempting to create a general framework for studying new results on transcendental numbers, this paper begins with a survey on transcendental numbers and transcendence, it then presents several properties of the transcendental numbers e and π, and then it gives the proofs of new inequalities and identities for transcendental numbers. Also, in relationship with these topics, we study some implications for the theory of the Yang-Baxter equations, and we propose some open problems.

1977 is the two hundredth anniversary of the death of Johann Heinrich Lambert, a little known but nonetheless intriguing figure in 18th century science. In the general histories of science and mathematics Lambert’s contributions are often described piecemeal, with each discovery and invention usually divorced both from the method by which he arrived at it and from the totality of his intellectual endeavour. To the student of optics he is remembered for his cosine law in photometry, to the astronomer for his work on comets, to the meteorologist for his design of a gut hygrometer, and to the mathematician for his work on non-Euclidean geometry and his demonstration of the irrationality of π and e. There is no doubt that each of these contributions had a definite importance of its own; but it is not the aim of the present article to enumerate in this way the high points of Lambert’s scientific and mathematical work, rather to describe it for once as a unified whole, and to relate it to the contemporary intellectual Outlook.

We consider applications of Subset Product Problem (SPP) in number theory and cryptography. We obtain a probabilistic algorithm that attack SPP and we analyze it with respect time/space complexity and success probability. In fact we provide an application to the problem of finding Carmichael numbers and an attack to Naccache-Stern knapsack cryptosystem, where we update previous results.